The latest issue of Scientific American has an article by Thomas Lee, reproduced at http://www.sciam.com/2002/0102issue/0102lee.html. Lee states that sometime in first half 2002, 3-D memory chips will make their appearance, that reduce manufacturing costs 10-fold and incorporate the stacking of memory circuits. Lee states: "They will be just the first of a new generation of dense, inexpensive chips that promise to make digital recording media both cheap and convenient enough to replace photographic film and audiotape. At another wedsite, http://www.edtnscandinavia.com/story/OEG20011219S0041, I learn that that the first of these chips will be a 64-bit write-once memory chip called the Matrix 3-D Memory. The authors state: The "consumable memory" chip is expected to compete with such low-cost consumable storage media as camera film and audio cassette tapes. "It seems there is no limit to the number of layers that could be added." What do we make of all this? Large format survived the Kodak camera ("You take the picture. We do the rest.") and the 35 mm camera. But this stackable chip may be the impact that layers the film industry with Iridium. What is implied is that very shortly these stackable memory chips will outdo film