Henry, my results are slightly different. My 4870 won't scan 4x5 above 3200 spi (in transparency mode).
Haven't tried it with a negative. Is there a lower threshold?
Ted, I note marked incremental gains in the quality of the resulting files up to 4800 spi. After one moves beyond the claimed optical max spi into interpolated territory, they go south in a hurry.
Are you possibly confusing your measurements of the optical resolution with what Epson's marketing folks are calling it? Regardless of what the "true" resolution of the scanner is, the resulting files get better with each bump upward to their claimed optical limit of 4800 (something-or-others per inch) in my experience.
FWIW, I scan into Joe's Ektaspace, no sharpening, no ICE, 48 bit. Files are full gig at the 3200 spi resolution.
My workflow is slightly different than yours, too, Henry. Your suggestion for using the Auto feature seems a little less trouble than my approach, which involves using the virtual densitometer that Ted mentioned, plus multiple sample scans to make sure I'm getting full black and white ends of the data. It seems as though you're looking at a broader range of data than the densitometer is and could possibly zero in on the shadow and highlight limits more quickly. I'll have to give that a try.
The histogram in the version of EpsonScan I use is at best a generalization and I find I have to do the work to get the values set properly myself. I wish the software had a means to find those high and low values on its own. I know the third-party stuff does.
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