There are of course differences in what you can do when contacting printing and what you can do when scanning. There are also differences in the look in the two cases. But it is hard to believe you could detect any difference in resolution of fine detail. For example the Epson 4990 scanner can resolve at least 30 lp/mm by any measure whatsoever. A 2 X enlargement would reduce that to 15 lp/mm. I haven't heard of anyone who claims to be able to see better than that when viewing an 8 x 10 print from 10-12 inches.
There are some other differences between 4 x 5 and 8 x 10 view cameras. As you increase the format size, you reduce depth of field for the same angle of view, relative aperture, and final size print. That means you may have to stop down more and increase exposure times for adequate depth of field. Then subject movement, even fustling of leaves can be a problem. Even going from medium format to 4 x 5 you will encounter this problem, but it will be worse for 8 x 10.
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