Although I'm not a geologist, I thought John Mcphee's book "Rising from the Plains" was a great introduction to the landscape, geology and history of Wyoming's wild and harsh land. This is from a review "John McPhee joins geologist David Love for a tour of the Wyoming countryside. Well at least, McPhee uses their drive along Interstate 80 as a jumping off point to spin a tale or two. Painting on a broad canvas, he pieces together a detailed picture of Wyoming from its rich geological history, to the hearty characters that settled there."
I also enjoyed McPhee's book "Basin and Range" on the Nevada area.