I read an article somewhere - don't remember where about using a 50mm enlarging lens reversed on a 4x5 monorail lensboard for photographing at 2-5x magnifications. Depth of focus is tiny. Small apertures necessary, but at large bellows extensions, coverage was no problem at all.

No shutter this way. The author either used flash, or a black card in front of the lens for longer exposures.

With the reversed enlarging lens, these reproduction ratios were within or close to the optimum range of the lens. At this magnification, a geared stage for po sitioning the subject can come in very handy.

At high magnifications, camera rigidity becomes important. Solid rail, solid st andards, solid tripod, no wind.