Yes: at the same aperture, a 300mm lens has the same depth of field on 8x10 as it does on a 35mm film: it's very shallow.
We don't mind it on a small camera because on 35mm the lens is acting as a telescope, but on 8x10 where we're using it as a normal lens, the modest depth of field can be troublesome.
As DJ pointed out, with 8x10 on a tripod, we can stop down the lens to get adequate depth of field, but our exposures will be commensurately longer. The sample photo taken inside a railroad car was an appropriate subject for f/128: the photographer probably used his hat for a shutter
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